Susan b anthony mini biography

In , the National Woman Suffrage Association merged with the American Woman Suffrage Association, which was advocating for state-by-state enfranchisement of women. Stanton became the first president of the new organization, the National American Woman Suffrage Association, with Anthony subsequently elected its president in Anthony also created a press bureau to increase coverage of women's suffrage in the national and local press.

This same year, Anthony announced her intention to retire from the National American Association. During the last year of her presidency, she warned the new generation of suffragists not to expect their cause to triumph merely because it was just. These new duties, these changed conditions, demand stronger hands, younger heads, and fresher hearts.

In Mrs. Catt, you have my ideal leader. I present to you my successor. Anthony died on March 13, from heart failure and pneumonia at her Rochester home. She did not live to see the passage of the 19 th Amendment. The fruits of her labor would enable many women to play an integral role in shaping US society for generations to come. Excerpt from Speech on Abolition Caption: A handwritten excerpt from speech Anthony gave on slavery in Analysis Questions:.

Educator Notes:. Text of speech:. Do with them precisely what you would do with the Irish, the Scotch, and the Germans - Educate them. Do with the Negroes? What arrogance in us to put the question, what shall we do with a race of men and women who have fed, clothed, and supported both themselves and their oppressors for centuries. Caption: This satirical cartoon of Susan B.

Educators can start staging their inquiry of this political cartoon using the Teaching with Primary Sources Teacher Guide: Analyzing Political Cartoons from the Library of Congress and explore more using the specific questions below. Caption: This cartoon was created to celebrate the annual convention of the National American Woman Suffrage Association.

Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton. Chicago — Mathias, Marisa. Content created and featured in partnership with the TPS program does not indicate an endorsement by the Library of Congress. For further information or questions, please contact [email protected]. Anthony By Marisa Mathias. And we formed it, not to give the blessings of liberty, but to secure them; not to the half of ourselves and the half of our posterity, but to the whole people - women as well as men.

And it is a downright mockery to talk to women of their enjoyment of the blessings of liberty while they are denied the use of the only means of securing them provided by this democratic-republican government - the ballot. Anthony, Early Life Susan B. Abolition for All In , the Anthony family moved to Rochester, New York, where they became active in the anti-slavery movement.

Anthony Papers, Manuscript speeches. Re: slavery, ca. A, folder Schlesinger Library on the History of Women in America. Harvard University. Accessed 28 June Wust, Thomas, Artist. She found work as a teacher. The Anthonys moved to a farm in the Rochester, New York area, in the mids. Growing up in a Quaker family, Anthony developed a strong moral compass early in life.

Later, she spent much of her life working on social causes. Around this time, Anthony became the head of the girls department at Canajoharie Academy, a post she held for two years. She continued to advocate for the end of slavery up until the Civil War. Leaving the Canajoharie Academy in , Anthony soon devoted more of her time to social issues.

She was also involved in the temperance movement, aimed at limiting or completely stopping the production and sale of alcohol. She was denied a chance to speak at a temperance convention because she was a woman, and later realized that no one would take women in politics seriously unless they had the right to vote. In , Anthony attended an anti-slavery conference, where she met Elizabeth Cady Stanton.

Anthony also started petitions for women to have the right to own property and to vote. She traveled extensively, campaigning on the behalf of women. She and Stanton established the American Equal Rights Association in , calling for the same rights to be granted to all regardless of race or sex. She even took matters into her own hands in , when she voted illegally in the presidential election.

Anthony also opposed the 15th Amendment , which granted Black men the right to vote in Part of the revolution, in Anthony's view, was in ways of thinking. In a speech in , she noted that women had always been taught that their purpose was to serve men, but "Now, after 40 years of agitation, the idea is beginning to prevail that women were created for themselves, for their own happiness, and for the welfare of the world.

We shall someday be heeded, and when we shall have our amendment to the Constitution of the United States, everybody will think it was always so, just exactly as many young people think that all the privileges, all the freedom, all the enjoyments which woman now possesses always were hers. They have no idea of how every single inch of ground that she stands upon today has been gained by the hard work of some little handful of women of the past.

Anthony's death was widely mourned. Clara Barton , founder of the American Red Cross , said just before Anthony's death, "A few days ago someone said to me that every woman should stand with bared head before Susan B. For ages he has been trying to carry the burden of life's responsibilities alone Just now it is new and strange and men cannot comprehend what it would mean but the change is not far away.

In her history of the women's suffrage movement, Eleanor Flexner wrote, "If Lucretia Mott typified the moral force of the movement, if Lucy Stone was its most gifted orator and Mrs. Stanton its most outstanding philosopher, Susan Anthony was its incomparable organizer, who gave it force and direction for half a century. The Nineteenth Amendment , which prohibited the denial of suffrage because of sex, was colloquially known as the Susan B.

Anthony's papers are held in library collections of Harvard University [ ] and its Radcliffe Institute , [ ] Rutgers University , [ ] the Library of Congress , [ ] and Smith College. Anthony was raised a Quaker , but her religious heritage was mixed. On her mother's side, her grandmother was a Baptist and her grandfather was a Universalist.

When the Quakers split in the late s into Orthodox and Hicksites , her family sided with the Hicksites, which Anthony described as "the radical side, the Unitarian". In , three years after the Anthony family moved to Rochester, a group of about Quakers withdrew from the Hicksite organization in western New York, partly because they wanted to work in social reform movements without interference from that organization.

When Susan B. Anthony returned home from teaching in , she joined her family in attending services there, and she remained with the Rochester Unitarians for the rest of her life. Anthony, proud of her Quaker roots, continued to describe herself as a Quaker, however. She maintained her membership in the local Hicksite body but did not attend its meetings.

This group soon ceased to operate as a religious body, however, and changed its name to the Friends of Human Progress, organizing annual meetings in support of social reform that welcomed everyone, including "Christians, Jews, Mahammedans, and Pagans". In , during a period when Rochester Unitarians were gravely impaired by factionalism, [ ] Anthony unsuccessfully attempted to start a "Free church in Rochester After Anthony reduced her arduous travel schedule and made her home in Rochester in , she resumed regular attendance at First Unitarian and also worked with the Gannetts on local reform projects.

Her sister Mary Stafford Anthony, whose home had provided a resting place for Anthony during her years of frequent travel, had long played an active role in this church. Her first public speech, delivered at a temperance meeting as a young woman, contained frequent references to God. While in Europe in , Anthony helped a desperately poor Irish mother of six children.

Noting that "the evidences were that 'God' was about to add a No. Elizabeth Cady Stanton said that Anthony was an agnostic , adding, "To her, work is worship Her belief is not orthodox, but it is religious. I can not imagine a God of the universe made happy by my getting down on my knees and calling him 'great. When an organization offered to sponsor a women's rights convention on the condition that "no speaker should say anything which would seem like an attack on Christianity", Anthony wrote to a friend, "I wonder if they'll be as particular to warn all other speakers not to say anything which shall sound like an attack on liberal religion.

They never seem to think we have any feelings to be hurt when we have to sit under their reiteration of orthodox cant and dogma. As a teen, Anthony went to parties, and she had offers of marriage when she was older, but there is no record of her ever having a serious romance. A child one loves is a constant benediction to the soul, whether or not it helps to the accomplishment of great intellectual feats.

As a young worker in the women's rights movement, Anthony expressed frustration when some of her co-workers began to marry and have children, sharply curtailing their ability to work for the understaffed movement. When Lucy Stone abandoned her pledge to stay single, Anthony's scolding remarks caused a temporary rupture in their friendship.

She answered one by saying, "It always happened that the men I wanted were those I could not get, and those who wanted me I wouldn't have. I was very well as I was. When I was young, if a girl married poor, she became a housekeeper and a drudge. If she married wealth she became a pet and a doll. Just think, had I married at twenty, I would have been a drudge or a doll for fifty-nine years.

Think of it! Anthony fiercely opposed laws that gave husbands complete control over the marriage. Blackstone's Commentaries , the basis for the legal systems in most states at that time, stated that, "By marriage, the husband and wife are one person in law: that is, the very being or legal existence of the woman is suspended during the marriage".

In a speech in , Anthony predicted " an epoch of single women. If women will not accept marriage with subjugation , nor men proffer it without , there is, there can be, no alternative. The woman who will not be ruled must live without marriage. Anthony showed little interest in the topic of abortion. Ann D. Anthony Papers project, an undertaking to collect and document materials written by those two co-workers, said that Anthony "never voiced an opinion about the sanctity of fetal life A dispute over Anthony's views on abortion developed after when some members of the anti-abortion movement began to portray Anthony as "an outspoken critic of abortion", [ ] citing various statements they said she had made.

The anti-abortion advocacy group Susan B. Anthony List named itself after her on this basis. Gordon, Sherr and others contested this portrayal, saying these statements either were not made by Anthony, were not about abortion, or had been taken out of context. A bust of her that was sculpted by Brenda Putnam was placed there in The first memorial to Anthony was established by African Americans.

In , a year after Anthony's death, a stained-glass window was installed at the African Methodist Episcopal Zion church in Rochester that featured her portrait and the words "Failure is Impossible", a quote from her that had become a watchword for the women's suffrage movement. It was installed through the efforts of Hester C. Jeffrey , the president of the Susan B.

Anthony Club, an organization of African American women in Rochester. Originally kept on display in the crypt of the US Capitol, the sculpture was moved to its current location and more prominently displayed in the rotunda in In , sculptor Leila Usher donated a bas-relief of Susan B. In , the Cathedral of St. John the Divine in Manhattan, one of the world's largest, added a sculpture honoring Anthony and three other heroes of the twentieth century: Martin Luther King Jr.

An installation artwork by Judy Chicago called The Dinner Party , first exhibited in , features a place setting for Anthony. A bronze sculpture of a locked ballot box flanked by two pillars marks the place where Anthony voted in in defiance of laws that prohibited women from voting. Called the Monument, it was dedicated in August, , on the 89th anniversary of the Nineteenth Amendment.

Leading away from the Monument is the Susan B. Near the Susan B. Anthony Museum and House. In , the new Frederick Douglass—Susan B. Anthony Memorial Bridge replaced the old Troup—Howell Bridge as the conveyor of expressway traffic on Interstate through downtown Rochester. Anthony Papers project was an academic undertaking to collect and document all available materials written by Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Anthony.

The project began in and has since been ended. The US Post Office issued its first postage stamp honoring Anthony in on the 16th anniversary of the ratification of the 19th Amendment , which ensured women's right to vote. Anthony dollar coin, the first US coin to honor a female citizen. The final plan, however, calls for Alexander Hamilton , the first US Secretary of the Treasury , to retain his current position there.

Since , the Susan B. Anthony Award is given annually by the New York City chapter of the National Organization for Women to honor "grassroots activists dedicated to improving the lives of women and girls in New York City. New York Radical Feminists , founded in , was organized into small cells or "brigades" named after notable feminists of the past.

In , Zsuzsanna Budapest founded the Susan B. Anthony Coven 1 — the first feminist, women-only, witches' coven. The Susan B. Anthony List is a non-profit organization that seeks to reduce and ultimately end abortion in the U. Anthony Day is a commemorative holiday to celebrate the birth of Anthony and women's suffrage in the United States.

The holiday is February 15—Anthony's birthday. In , Lovely Warren , the mayor of Rochester, put a red, white and blue sign next to Anthony's grave on the day after Hillary Clinton obtained the nomination at the Democratic National Convention. The sign stated, "Dear Susan B. It took another 48 years for women to finally gain the right to vote. Thank you for paving the way.

Contents move to sidebar hide. Article Talk. Read View source View history. Tools Tools. Download as PDF Printable version. In other projects. Wikimedia Commons Wikiquote Wikisource Wikidata item. American women's rights activist — For other uses, see Susan B. Anthony disambiguation. Adams, Massachusetts , U. Rochester, New York , U. Women's suffrage women's rights abolitionism.

Anthony, [ 21 ]. Partnership with Elizabeth Cady Stanton. Teachers' conventions. Early women's rights activities. Women's Loyal National League. American Equal Rights Association. Attempted alliance with labor. Split in the women's movement. National suffrage movement. United States v. Main article: Trial of Susan B. On the centennial of the Boston Tea Party.

Speech to the Union League Club, N. December 16, [ ]. History of Woman Suffrage. International women's organizations. International Council of Women. World's Congress of Representative Women. International Woman Suffrage Alliance. Changing relationship with Stanton. Anthony, [ ]. See also: Susan B. Anthony abortion dispute. Banknotes, coins and stamps.

Names of awards and organizations. The World. This interview is reprinted along with extensive notes in Gordon pp. Moger, Nancy C. Sorel, Alson D. Van Wagner, Arthur J. Worrall, ed. ISBN The Anti-Slavery Impulse: — This citation references the edition of a book that was first published in by the American Historical Association. The Post Standard.

Syracuse, NY. February 4, Anthony Papers collection at the Library of Congress. Quoted in McPherson , p. The proposal for more lenient divorce laws was also controversial among women activists. Bound - Volume 69, Part 3 February 1, to February 23, ". Government Printing Office. Public Broadcasting System. Retrieved January 21, The League was called by several variations of its name, including the Women's National Loyal League.

Anthony's words here have been misquoted in increasingly elaborate ways. Alma Lutz's biography , p. Kennedy and Lizabeth Cohen, reported , p. And hear me swear that I will cut off this right arm of mine before I will ever work for or demand the ballot for the negro and not the woman. Quoted in Rakow and Kramarae eds. An example of its use to support their wing of the movement is on p.

Bonds," The Revolution , April 9, , p. Quoted in DuBois , p. Stone is speaking here during the final AERA convention in Support for the amendment did not necessarily mean that all AWSA members were free from the racial presumptions of that era. Henry Blackwell , Lucy Stone's husband and a prominent AWSA member, published an open letter to Southern legislatures assuring them that if they allowed both blacks and women to vote, "the political supremacy of your white race will remain unchanged" and that "the black race would gravitate by the law of nature toward the tropics".

See Henry B. Blackwell January 15, An American Time Capsule. Library of Congress. Retrieved January 22, Cited in Dudden , p.

Susan b anthony mini biography

The high point of Republican support was a non-committal reference to women's suffrage in the Republican platform. However, with a policy of paying high wages, and a very strict approach to adverts rejecting alcohol and morphine-based drugs , the paper incurred large debts, and it was only able to struggle on for two more years, finally closing in In the US Congress passed the Fourteenth Amendment which guaranteed equal rights to all citizens — making no reference to gender.

No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws. On November , Anthony voted in the US Presidential election, arguing this amendment gave her a constitutional right to vote.

However, two weeks later she was arrested. At her trial, the judge, Justice Hunt, denied her the right to testify, then told the jury to give a guilty verdict and read an opinion he had written before the trial. The trial was a major landmark; her cause appeared reasonable, and her treatment unfair. The government, embarrassed by the trial, never pressed her to pay the fine, and she walked free.

She said at the end of the trial:. Her trial increased her profile, and she embarked on a national speaking programme to raise funds and spread her message of supporting equal rights for women. Anthony retired from active political activity in and died of heart disease and pneumonia in New York, Citation: Pettinger, Tejvan. Updated 12 September We have been beset at every step with the cry that somebody was injuring the cause by the expression of some sentiments that differed with those held by the majority of mankind.

The religious persecution of the ages has been done under what was claimed to be the command of God. I distrust those people who know so well what God wants them to do to their fellows because it always coincides with their own desires.